Polyurethane (PU), izina ryuzuye rya polyurethane, ni uruganda rwa polymer, rwakozwe mu 1937 na Otto Bayer n'abandi. Polyurethane ifite ibyiciro bibiri byingenzi: polyester na polyether. Birashobora gukorwa muri plastiki ya polyurethane (cyane cyane ifuro), fibre polyurethane (izwi nka spandex mubushinwa), reberi ya polyurethane na elastomers. Polyurethane nibikoresho bya polymer nibyiza gukoreshwa nkigifuniko cyiziga mugukora inganda.
Ibyiza byingenzi byabashitsi ba polyurethane nibi bikurikira:
Ubwa mbere, imikorere yurwego rushobora guhinduka
Umubare wimikorere yumubiri nubukanishi urashobora guhindurwa binyuze muguhitamo ibikoresho fatizo na formulaire, murwego runaka rwimpinduka zoroshye, kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo byihariye byumukoresha kubikorwa byibicuruzwa.
Icya kabiri, kurwanya abrasion birwanya
Imbere y'amazi, amavuta hamwe nibindi bitangazamakuru bitanga akazi, ibyuma bya polyurethane byambara birwanya inshuro nyinshi kugeza inshuro nyinshi ibikoresho bisanzwe bya reberi. Ibikoresho byuma nkibyuma nibindi bikomeye, ariko ntabwo byanze bikunze birinda kwambara!
Icya gatatu, uburyo bwo gutunganya, birashoboka cyane
Polyurethane elastomers irashobora kubumbabumbwa na reberi rusange-mugukoresha plastike, kuvanga no gutunga (MPU); zirashobora kandi gukorwa mubibabi byamazi, gusuka no kubumba cyangwa gutera, gufunga no gushushanya (CPU); zirashobora kandi gukorwa mubikoresho bya granulaire na plastiki zisanzwe ukoresheje inshinge, gusohora, kalendari, guhumeka hamwe nibindi bikorwa (CPU). Ibice bibumbabumbwe cyangwa byatewe inshinge, mubice bimwe bigoye, birashobora kandi gutemwa, gusya, gucukura nibindi gutunganya imashini.
Icya kane, kurwanya amavuta, kurwanya ozone, kurwanya gusaza, kurwanya imishwarara, kurwanya ubushyuhe buke, kwanduza amajwi meza, imbaraga zifatika zikomeye, biocompatibilité nziza hamwe no guhuza amaraso. Izi nyungu nizo mpanvu zituma polyurethane elastomers ikoreshwa cyane mubisirikare, mu kirere, acoustics, biologiya no mubindi bice.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-30-2023